Prefinal OSCE
1. How does visceral fat lead to chronic kidney disease ? Increased visceral fat accumulation causes adipose tissue inflammation and adipokine dysregulation , which can lead to dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) overactivation , sodium retention , extracellular fluid volume expansion. Increased visceral fat accumulation is also accompanied with perirenal and renal sinus fat accumulation, which causes high intrarenal pressure, which leads to compression of the vasa recta capillaries and thin loops of Henle, reduced blood flow in the renal medulla, increased sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle, RAAS activation, and increased sodium reabsorption These pathological conditions interact in a complex manner, ultimately damaging the kidneys by causing glomerular hyperfiltration and inflammation both of which are characteristics of obesity-related kidney disease Reference - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2023.1097596/f
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